The FAA implemented a rule on April 24, 2023, mandating that certain certificated airports adopt and maintain a Safety Management System (SMS). The FAA emphasizes that a positive safety culture, sometimes referred to as a “Just Culture,” is critical for the success of an SMS, as outlined in Advisory Circular 150/5200-37A. A positive safety culture reinforces the expectation that all individuals are expected to participate in identifying hazards and issues. The focus is on improving the overall system rather than punishing individuals. It is part of creating an atmosphere of safety that goes beyond checking off the boxes required in an SMS program.

The objective of this research is to develop a guide that addresses the key challenges airport leaders have in implementing a culture of safety, measuring progress, and dealing with conflicting safety cultures of the other stakeholders within the airport environment