The project evaluated the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of steel rebars produced by new microalloying and rolling procedures that exhibit superior corrosion resistance properties. The bars possess a lower carbon content than is usual in U.S. practice and contain copper, chromium, and phosphorus as additional alloying elements. The phosphorus content exceeds that allowed in ASTM specifications. The bars are quenched and tempered immediately after the rolling operation.
Test results (corrosion potential and time-to-corrosion) showed that microalloying decreased the corrosion rate by one-half compared with conventional steel (Figure 1). Quenching and tempering heat treatment in conjunction with microalloying further enhanced the corrosion resistance of steel. The apparent corrosion-resisting mechanisms involve the reduction of microfractures in the surface from the rolling operation due to the quenching and tempering process and the formation of a corrosion-retarding layer of copper chloride–copper hydroxide and iron–chromium oxide at the steel surface. The latter is a poor conductor and thus reduces the corrosion rate. Quenching and tempering had a beneficial effect on the mechanical properties of the steel. Both the yield and tensile strengths were improved. The test results also showed that a phosphorus content in excess of that allowed under current ASTM requirements did not cause the corrosion-resistant steel to be brittle. The new steel also performed well when used in conjunction with epoxy coating.
Extensive field validation tests are required to transfer project results to practice. The results will be presented to ASTM Subcommittee A01.05 on Steel Reinforcement for consideration of specifications similar to ASTM A 615. The final report is available from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS # PB96-147988).
The final report for this IDEA project can be found at:
https://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/archive/studies/idea/finalreports/highway/NCHRP009_Final_Report.pdf
