This synthesis will be of interest to pavement designers, maintenance engineers, planners, and others concerned with measuring the condition of existing pavements for the purpose of planning maintenance, rehabilitation, or reconstruction. Information is presented on the various practices in use for the collection, reporting, and application of pavement condition data for their service in Pavement Management Systems (PMS) in the United States and Canada, focusing on four primary measures of pavement condition: distress, roughness, structural capacity, and friction resistance evaluations. Nearly all transportation agencies are using or are in the process of implementing PMS for scheduling rehabilitation and maintenance activities. These systems require data on pavement condition and structural capacity. This report of the Transportation Research Board describes the types of equipment being used by state transportation agencies to obtain these data and how the data are used to affect decision making by transportation managers.  The report for this topic can be purchased at https://www.trb.org/news/blurb_detail.asp?id=3354